Bitumen 50/70 – Penetration 50 – 70 dmm @ 25 °C, softening point ≈ 46 – 54 °C.
A medium‑hard binder that resists rutting under warm‑to‑hot climates and heavy traffic. Widely specified for base & binder courses in expressways, airports, and industrial yards where high wheel loads demand extra stiffness.

Bitumen 60/70 – Penetration 60 – 70 dmm, softening point ≈ 48 – 56 °C.
The global “all‑rounder” for dense‑graded hot‑mix asphalt. Balances stiffness and flexibility, making it the go‑to choice for general highway construction, overlays, and municipal roads.

Bitumen 70/100 – Penetration 70 – 100 dmm, softening point ≈ 42 – 49 °C.
A softer grade that retains elasticity in temperate‑to‑cold regions and high‑altitude routes. Helps reduce thermal‑fatigue cracking in wearing courses, chip seals, and surface dressings exposed to freeze–thaw cycles.

Bitumen 80/100 – Penetration 80 – 100 dmm, softening point ≈ 40 – 47 °C.
The softest of the common paving grades. Ideal for cold‑weather pavements, low‑volume roads, maintenance overlays, and pothole patching, where binder flexibility at sub‑zero temperatures is critical.